[citation needed], King William became seriously ill in 1887. William III was the king of the Netherlands and the grand duke of Luxembourg from 1849 to 1890. After his first wife died in 1877, he married Emma of Waldeck-Pyrmont (1879), who served as regent in 1890 during the king’s illness. Corrections? (koning Willem III) Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk, koning der Nederlanden, groothertog van Luxemburg, prins van Oranje-Nassau, Z.M. William was born in Brussels as son of William II of the Netherlands and Queen Anna Paulowna, daughter of Tsar Paul I of all the Russias and Empress Maria Fyodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg). In 1834, he was made honorary commander of the Grenadiers Regiment of Kiev nr. Some politicians were quite angry, as she was 41 years the king's junior. topic's main category. He directed the European opposition to Louis XIV and, in Britain, secured the triumph of Protestantism. Map of the Netherlands in 1702, from Gardiner's Atlas of English History, 1892 political map, shows provinces, omits Maastricht as Dutch William Blathwayt Papers, from Marshall/Osborn Collection, Beinecke Library, Yale Univ. William’s reign came at a precarious time in Europe when religious divide dominated international relations. He was also the Duke of Limburg from 1849 until the abolition of the duchy in 1866. William was reluctant to return, but he was convinced to do so. 0 references. [11] William III was known to be a philanderer and had several dozen illegitimate children from various mistresses. [5], In 1877, Queen Sophie died and years of war in the palace came to an end. [citation needed], During his reign, the king became more and more unpopular with his bourgeois-liberal subjects, his whims provoking their resistance and mockery, but remained quite popular with the common man. On the death of his father in 1849, he succeeded as king of the Netherlands. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He married his first cousin, Sophie, daughter of King William I of Württemberg and Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia, in Stuttgart on 18 June 1839. Category:William III of the Netherlands. William III was born in the Palace of the Nation in Brussels, the eldest son to the King William II and his wife Anna Pavlovna of Russia. As was expected, William pursued a career in the military. William III was born on 4th November 1650. Thorbecke resigned in 1853 when William adopted, against the government’s wishes, an anti-Catholic posture in the dispute over the proposed reestablishment of a Roman Catholic episcopal hierarchy with its archbishop at Utrecht. On the abdication of his grandfather William I in 1840, he became the Prince of Orange. On 17 March 1849 his father died and William succeeded to the throne of the Netherlands. He was inclined to terrorize and humiliate his courtiers. However, the subsequent Second Treaty of London re-established Luxembourg as a fully independent country. Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk Nassau van Oranje as a child, by Anonymous.jpg 918 × 1,147; 1.09 MB. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He was also the Duke of Limburg from 1849 until the abolition of the duchy in 1866.. William was the son of King William II and Anna Pavlovna of Russia. He was born in Brussels, which was then still part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. He was the eldest son of the future king William II of the Netherlands and Anna Pavlovna of Russia. He had three brothers, one of whom died in infancy, and one sister. William III (Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk, anglicised: William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis; 19 February 1817 – 23 November 1890) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1849 until his death in 1890. William III (public domain) The future King William III of the Netherlands was born on 19 February 1817 as the eldest son of the future King William II of the Netherlands and his wife, Anna Pavlovna of Russia.He was born in Brussels, which was then still part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. as diplomat; detailed inventory of letters, mostly from 1692-1703 Of William III's four legitimate children, three reached adulthood, two sons from his marriage to Queen Sophie and one daughter from his marriage to Queen Emma: Standing at 6'5" (196 cm) he was an exceptionally large and strong man. He prohibited intellectual exercise at home, for which action Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, who corresponded with Princess Sophie, called him an uneducated farmer. To date, he is the last Dutch monarch to die whilst on the throne. Social Networks and Archival Context. Today William III is mostly remembered for his association with the Battle of the Boyne. He also served as the duke of Limburg from 1849 until 1866, when the duchy was abolished. William III, Dutch in full Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk, (born February 19, 1817, Brussels [Belgium]—died November 23, 1890, Apeldoorn, Netherlands), conservative king of the Netherlands and grand duke of Luxembourg (1849–90) who was influential in forming Dutch ministries until 1868 but was unable to prevent liberal control of the government. III. William III (Dutch: Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk; English: William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis; 19 February 1817 – 23 November 1890) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1849 until his death in 1890. In 1880, Wilhelmina was born. Sophie, who was a liberal, also shared this view. The eldest son of King William II, William married his cousin Sophia, daughter of King William I of Württemberg, in 1839 and succeeded to the throne in 1849. She would remain regent until Wilhelmina's eighteenth birthday in 1898. William’s relations with his governments, however, remained strained. Emma showed herself, however, as a cordial woman. Sophie was a liberal intellectual, hating everything leaning toward dictatorship, such as the army. She became heiress presumptive in 1884 after the death of the last remaining son from William's first marriage. Appointed stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland, and captain- and admiral-general of all the Dutch provinces for life in July 1672, these posts were rendered hereditary in 1674 and 1675, when William was additionally elected stadtholder of Utrecht and Gelderland. 1 reference. Dutch royalty. King of the Netherlands. In the 1830s, he served as lieutenant in the Grenadiers Regiment. King William II and his family (1832) by Jan Baptist van der Hulst with William III on the far left William was born on 19 February 1817 in the Palace of the Nation in Brussels, which was part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands at the time. An immensely popular member of the Dutch Royal Family, Queen Emma served as regent for her daughter, Queen Wilhelmina, during the latter's minority from 1890 until 1898. William III (1650–1702), king of England, Scotland (as William II), and Ireland (1689–1702), prince of Orange. SNAC is a discovery service for persons, families, and organizations found within archival collections at cultural heritage institutions. King William II and his family (1832) by Jan Baptist van der Hulst with William III on the far left William was born on 19 February 1817 in the Palace of the Nation in Brussels, which was part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands at the time. 1 reference. On the abdication of his grandfather William I in 1840, he became the Prince of Orange. William was the son of King William II and Anna Pavlovna of Russia. William III, stadholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands (1672–1702) and king of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1689–1702), reigning jointly with Queen Mary II (until her death in 1694). [6], In 1867, France offered to buy Luxembourg, leading to the Luxembourg Crisis, which almost precipitated war between Prussia and France. Many potential male heirs had died between 1878 and 1884. von Oranien im Jahre 1688, Göttingen 1939. [12][13], Dik van der Meulen, William III Biography 2013, title granted by Royal Decree to consort of the Queen, Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia, Princess Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt, Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt, Z.M. Orders like these were disregarded. The future King William III of the Netherlands was born on 19 February 1817 as the eldest son of the future King William II of the Netherlands and his wife, Anna Pavlovna of Russia. Wilhelmina, his daughter by Emma, succeeded to the throne of the Netherlands on his death. In 1878, he first proposed to his niece, Princess Elisabeth of Saxe-Weimar. 5 in the Imperial Russian Army.[3]. The Dutch constitution provided no way to relinquish one's claim to the throne. William himself saw them as useless limitations of royal power, and would have preferred to govern as an enlightened despot in the mold of his grandfather, William I. He then considered marriage with Princess Pauline of Waldeck and Pyrmont, a small German principality, and Princess Thyra of Denmark, who had her own private scandalous history. The following 65 files are in this category, out of 65 total. [citation needed], When the Roman Catholic hierarchy of bishops was restored in 1853 he found growing conservative support and a reason to dismiss Thorbecke. After Sophie's death in 1877 he married Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont in 1879 and they had one daughter Wilhelmina, who succeeded William to the Dutch throne. [2], In 1827, at the age of ten, he was made an honorary colonel in the Royal Netherlands Army. 286321103. (koning Willem II) koning Willem Frederik George Lodewijk , koning der Nederlanden, groothertog van Luxemburg, hertog van Limburg, prins van Oranje-Nassau, Koninklijke ere-commando's en militaire erefuncties, "Proposition de revision portant modification et nouvel ordonnancement de la constitution du Luxembourg", "Heeckeren tot Kell, Willem baron van (1815–1914)", William III of the Netherlands "a very tall and strong man, he was initially seen as a father figure to most of his subjects, unaware of his tantrums and philandering ways", "Caballeros de la insigne orden del toisón de oro", "Liste des Membres de l'Ordre de Léopold", Staats- und Adreß-Handbuch des Herzogthums Nassau, "Grand Crosses of the Order of the Tower and Sword", Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_III_of_the_Netherlands&oldid=1012380320, Dutch members of the Dutch Reformed Church, Members of the Council of State (Netherlands), Burials in the Royal Crypt at Nieuwe Kerk, Delft, Recipients of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau, Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion, Grand Crosses of the Order of Adolphe of Nassau, Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order, Articles with Dutch-language sources (nl), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2012, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 16 March 2021, at 02:04. On the death of his father in … Omissions? By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. William was born in the Netherlands as Prince William Henry of Orange. William III and II (4 November 1650 – 8 March 1702) was King of England and Ireland from 13 February 1689 (as William III) and he was king of Scotland from 11 April 1689 (as William II). Under pressure from society and the government, he abandoned these marriage plans. William loathed the 1848 constitutional changes initiated by his father (William II) and Johan Rudolf Thorbecke. Meanwhile, being the last agnatic dynastic descendant of Otto I, Count of Nassau, the throne of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg passed to his patrilineal seventeenth cousin once removed (and matrilineal third cousin), Adolphe. William III (Dutch: Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk; English: William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis; 19 February 1817 – 23 November 1890) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1849 until his death in 1890. Most people around him agreed that he was, to some degree, insane. imported from Wikimedia project. [citation needed], He finally decided to marry Pauline's younger sister Emma. He could be gentle and kind, then suddenly he could become intimidating and even violent. William III (Dutch: Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk; English: William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis; 19 February 1817 – 23 November 1890) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1849 until his death in 1890. He was also the Duke of Limburg from 1849 until the abolition of the duchy in 1866. He opposed the constitution of 1848, which created a parliamentary form of government, but was nevertheless forced to allow Johan Thorbecke, major proponent of the constitution, to head the new government. Born in Brussels, Prince William Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk was the eldest son of King William II and his queen, Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia. His first act was the inauguration of the parliamentary cabinet of Thorbecke, the liberal designer of the 1848 constitution, whom William loathed. The house of Orange, aristocratic leader of the landed interests, ha… William's mother was Mary, the oldest daughter of Charles I of England. He considered relinquishing his right to the throne to his younger brother Henry and later to his older son. He was a friend of William II of the Netherlands; he painted the king's inauguration in 1840, and many members of the royal family. [citation needed]. ; Blathwayt was serving William III. [5] William III died in Het Loo in 1890. He was also the Duke of Limburg from 1849 until the abolition of the duchy in 1866. Queen consort of the Netherlands and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg by marriage to King-Grand Duke William III. William III of the Netherlands(Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk, anglicised: William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis of Orange-Nassau) (19 February 1817 – 23 November 1890) was from 1849 King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg until his death. imported from Wikimedia … He was the son of King William II of the Netherlands and Anna Pavlovna of Russia. He had three brothers, one of whom died in infancy, and one sister. A Dutchman by birth, part of the House of Orange, he would later reign as King of England, Scotland and Ireland until his death in 1702. His pupils were Jan Daniël Beijnon, Johannes Arnoldus Boland, Conradijn Cunaeus, Bernard te Gempt, Hendrik Hollander, Willem Johann Martens, Johan Heinrich Neuman, Jan Frederik Tack, and Antonie Frederik Zürcher. William III of the Netherlands (1817-1890) stamps collector? Sophie, Queen, consort of William III, King of the Netherlands, 1818-1877 Title ; Close. [citation needed], Emma had a relieving influence on William's capricious personality and the marriage was extremely happy. Upon arrival the new Queen welcomed her spouse with the question "did you accept?". In 1827, at the age of ten, he was made an honorary colonel in the Royal Netherlands Army. Identifiers. In the 1830s, he served as lieutenant in the Grenadiers Regiment. [5], William repeatedly contemplated abdicating as soon as his eldest son William, Prince of Orange, turned eighteen. He kicked and hit his servants about. The king was cruel to animals as well. William III was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1849 until his death in 1890. His mother convinced him to cancel this action. He was the eldest son of the future king William II of the Netherlands and Anna Pavlovna of Russia. *King William II and his family - Jan Baptist van der Hulst * Jan Baptist van der Hulst - Koning Willem II en familie.jpg 3,583 × 2,315; 1.93 MB. Easily add your own stamp collection to the online stamp catalogue at LastDodo and find any missing new and old stamps. Representatives of the Dutch government traveled to London to meet their new king in London. The couple were quickly married in Arolsen on 7 January 1879. He was suffering from a kidney-ailment. He was also the Duke of Limburg from 1849 until the abolition of the duchy in 1866. [citation needed] The king had stopped interfering with most aspects of government. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. At the same time he incorporated part of Limburg into the Netherlands. [4] Another cause of marital tension (and later political tension) was his capriciousness; he could rage against someone one day, and be extremely polite the next. This occurred in 1858, but as William was uncomfortable making a decision he remained king. In the same year, King William announced his intention to marry Émilie Ambre, a French opera singer, whom he ennobled as countess d'Ambroise – without government consent. William was the son of King William II and Anna Pavlovna of Russia. He was the eldest son of the future king William II of the Netherlands and Anna Pavlovna of Russia. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-III-king-of-The-Netherlands, Royal House of the Netherlands - Stadholders - Biography of King William III. Eight days before William was born at The Hague on Nov. 4, 1650, his father, William II, Prince of Orange and Stadholder of the United Netherlands, died, bequeathing a divided Netherlands to his son. In the first two decades of his reign, he dismissed several cabinets and disbanded the States-General several times, installing royal cabinets which ruled as long as there was support in the elected second chamber of parliament. William III o the Netherlands - Wikipedia William III o the Netherlands Frae Wikipedia, the free beuk o knawledge William III (Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk, anglicised: William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis; 19 Februar 1817 – 23 November 1890) wis Keeng o the Netherlands an Grand Duke o Luxembourg frae 1849 till his daith in 1890. English Wikipedia. Abdication, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Marie-Adelaide of Luxembourg, Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands, Salic Law, William III of the Netherlands, William IV of Luxembourg Marie-Adélaïde (June 14, 1894 – January 24, 1924), reigned as Grand Duchess of Luxembourg from 1912 until her abdication in 1919. He was at that moment a guest of the Duchess of Cleveland in Raby Castle. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The last decade was without any doubt the best of his reign. William III, byname William of Orange, also called William Henry, prince of Orange, Dutch Willem Hendrik, prins van Oranje, (born November 14 [November 4, Old Style], 1650, The Hague, Netherlands—died March 19 [March 8], 1702, London, England), stadholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands as William III (1672–1702) and king of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1689–1702), … William III, Dutch in full Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk, (born February 19, 1817, Brussels [Belgium]—died November 23, 1890, Apeldoorn, Netherlands), conservative king of the Netherlands and grand duke of Luxembourg (1849–90) who was influential in forming Dutch ministries until 1868 but was unable to prevent liberal control of the government. [citation needed] His extramarital enthusiasms, however, led the New York Times to call him "the greatest debauchee of the age". VIAF ID. He remained king until his death on 8 March 1702. William III (Dutch: Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk; English: William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis; 19 February 1817 – 23 November 1890) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1849 until his death in 1890. 137 Shortly before his forces departed the Netherlands for Britain in 1688, William of Orange made a request for volunteers to accompany him, from among Dutch–based Huguenots. William was born on 19 February 1817 in the Palace of the Nation in Brussels, which was part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands at the time. William was born on 19 February 1817 in the Palace of the Nation in Brussels,[1] which was part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands at the time. He was baptised in the In 1867 William tried to sell his sovereignty over Luxembourg to France but yielded to Prussia’s demand that the area be independent. 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