This work has been identified as the Venus of Urbino. [5], In 1931, in order to earn foreign currency for the first of the Five-Year Plans for the National Economy of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin and the Soviet government secretly sold the painting, along with a number of other masterpieces, to a syndicate of art dealers, who sold it to the American collector Andrew Mellon, who wished to create a national art museum for the United States. Her form is somewhat more heroic than hitherto, and⦠"Venus with a mirror" is in the works of Velasquez very special place: it is his only painting with explicitly erotic overtones. His understanding of colour continued to be unmatched, as is particularly evident in such works as Danae, and the reclining Venuses, including the Venus of Urbino, some of the fleshy nudes for which Titian became well known. Some 15 copies and variants are known, made by the master or his assistants. The mirror reflection of one of her eyes may suggest that she sees him, but only as a reflection in the mirror.14 The Courtauld Venus is closely connected with the tradition of the motif of the beautiful woman. He refers to the painting as la donna nuda (the nude woman). [2] It was copied by several later artists, including Peter Paul Rubens and Anthony van Dyck. This is believed to be a copy Rubens made of the Titian commissioned by Philip II of Spain, Version without Cupid or the Mirror, Galleria Franchetti, Venice, In 1581, five years after Titian's death, the contents of his house in Venice, including the Venus with a Mirror, were sold by his son and heir Pomponio Vechellio to Christoforo Barbarigo. [3], Titian made a number of paintings of the same subject, but this is believed to be the earliest and the only version to be entirely by the hand of Titian, without additions by his assistants. Besides Venus at a Mirror (1615) his other well known works included are: The Elevation of the Cross (1610), The Lion Hunt (1617-18), and Rape of the Daughters of Leucippus (1617). Mainly influenced by the Titianâs âVenus of Urbinoâ, he painted her lying in a bed in a particularly sensual pose (1). The significance of this observation to the present study will become evident in the following analysis of the X-ray montage of the Mellon Venus with a Mirror (fig. He was also influenced by his teacher Giovanni Bellini, who was the leader of the Venetian school of painters, known for their masterful use of color. This article explores the Venus symbol in terms of how it can assist in understanding the planet and its place in astrology as well as astronomy. Venus at her Mirror (The Rokeby Venus) 1649-51 Oil on canvas, 122,5 x 177 cm National Gallery, London: For reasons of religious scruple, the female nude was rarely represented in Spanish art, although the royal collection was rich in mythological nudes by ⦠Great play is made of the sensual reproduction of her skin and silky hair, which is further enlivened by ⦠It is a fairly large oil painting (49 x 41 9/16 in. (1599â1660). Venus looking at her own reflection in mirrors is an artistic convention many times revisited by different authors, for instance; Venus in Front of the Mirror (1553), by Titian Tiziano Vercelli, Venus at a Mirror (c. 1615) by Peter Paul Rubens, or Venus at her Mirror (1648-1651) by Diego Velázquez. [3], Titian is believed to have made another version of this Venus for the Venetian lawyer Niccolo Crasso, who also commissioned Titian to paint the Retable of Saint Nicholas de Bari at about the same time. The diagram represents Venus in front of a mirror. It is also known as The Toilet of Venus, Rokeby Venus or Venus and Cupid. Park, the home of its 19th century owner John Morritt) is also referred to as "The Toilet of Venus", "Venus at her Mirror", "Venus and Cupid". Nude and brunette, Venus is reclining on a bed and is viewed from her back side. She is aware of the viewer in a mirror that frames her face like a portrait. Visual Analysis of Titian's 'Venus with a Mirror' (1555) Here Titian has made use of a localised unsharp mask in the face area. Venus with a mirror was painted in 1555. Site of the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. Nicholas Ilyin, Natalia Semenova, (2000), Five-Year Plans for the National Economy of the Soviet Union, along with a number of other masterpieces, List of paintings in the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, formerly in the Hermitage Museum, Jacopo Pesaro being presented by Pope Alexander VI to Saint Peter, The Virgin and Child with Saint George and Saint Dorothy, The Presentation of the Virgin at the Temple, Madonna and Child with Saints Luke and Catherine of Alexandria, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Venus_with_a_Mirror&oldid=999986459, Collections of the National Gallery of Art, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. At the core of Renaissance art is the revival of the classical past, and in his Venus with a Mirror, Titian revealed both his appreciation of antiquity and his remarkable modernity. It depicts Venus born from the sea foam, blown by the west wind, Zephyr, and the nymph, Chloris, towards one of the Horai, who prepares to dress her with a flowered mantle. Titian's reputation grew, and spread, throughout the following decades. In 1850 the Russian Consul-General in Venice, A. Kvostov, purchased the painting, along with a large number of other masterpieces, from the Barbarigo family, for Czar Nicholas I for the sum of 525,000 francs, and it entered the collection of the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg. âVenus at her Mirrorâ is a painting created by Diego Velazquez of the goddess Venus. Venus With a Mirror Introduction Venus With A Mirror was done by Italian master Titian (oil on canvas) in 1555. Mellon donated it to the United States Government in 1937. Titian is thought to have made a second copy, which was sent to his regular patron King Philip II of Spain, in 1567. Peter Paul Rubens presented his Venus in Front of the Mirror as the ultimate symbol of beauty. Read further about the Venus symbol The Work Titian Venus with a Mirror 1555 oil on canvas National Gallery of Art (Washington DC) Overview Titianâs Venus with a Mirror was painted in 1555 using oil on canvas and is currently on display at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC. [1], The pose of the Venus resembles the classical statues of the Venus de' Medici in Florence or the Capitoline Venus in Rome, which Titian may have seen when he wrote that was "learning from the marvelous ancient stones." Venus with a Mirror Your task is to provide a 2-page analysis of the image attached using a concept or topic drawn from John Bergerâs book âWays of Seeing.â In some cases, the mirror image may also be inaccurate. In Titian: Mythological paintings The Venus with a Mirror, the one original among several versions, is a natural theme for the goddess of love and beauty. 2). Simon Vouet lived in Italy from 1613 to 1627, and was certainly familiar with the work of Titian. [6] It was one of the first masterpieces to be displayed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington when it opened in 1941.[5]. Venus, the goddess of love, reclines languidly on her bed, the curve of her body echoed in the sweep of sumptuous satin fabric. There is a large red curtain draped against the wall to the left of the Venus figure, and the silky sheets of the bed seem to match in texture. She is aware of the viewer in a mirror that frames her face like a portrait. Venus at a Mirror by Peter Paul Rubens (1615). To begin with, Titian achieves a beautiful contrast between the voluptuous curves of the girl's body and the vertical and horizontal lines of the dividing screen, floor tiles and other architectural elements. Venus with a Mirror (c. 1555) is a painting by Titian, now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC, and it is considered to be one of the collection's highlights. Peter Paul Rubens presented his Venus in Front of the Mirror as the ultimate symbol of beauty. A definition of the Venus effect can be given as follows: The Venus effect occurs every time the observer sees both an actor (eg Venus) and a mirror, not placed along the observerâs line of sight, and concludes that Venus is seeing her reflection at the same location in the mirror that the observer is seeing. Titian kept the red cloak of one of the figures in the abandoned painting and placed it under Venus's arm. [4] The use of the cloak from the earlier painting probably played a large part in the composition of the new painting. It remained in his house until his death in 1576. Great play is made of the sensual reproduction of her skin and silky hair, which is further enlivened by ⦠[3], X-rays of the painting have revealed that Titian painted it over a double portrait which he had abandoned. Studio version still in the Hermitage, originally from the collection of Empress Josephine, Malmaison, Version in the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum, Cologne, Version in the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden, Version in the UK Royal collection since the 1720s, Engraving by Lucas Vorsterman II after Titian for the Theatrum Pictorium, Venus at her Toilet by Peter Paul Rubens, about 1608. The theme of Venus with a mirror and other attributes of beauty is common throughout Renaissance art, and perhaps speaks to the prominent focus on fashion and appearance in the everyday routines of elite Venetian women. This post also explores other symbols sacred to the goddess Venus. The purpose is often to give the audience the sensation of looking in the mirror. The bed sheets have a seemingly very dark blue hue as well. In March of 1538, Guidobaldo della Rovere, who would become the Duke of Urbino, wrote to his agent in Venice about a painting by Titian he wanted to acquire. Titianâs choice to paint Venus, the goddess of love and beauty came as a reprieve from his usual works, which consist of predominantly catholic iconography and theme. The Venus of Urbino is full of artistic devices. As we have learned in art history class it was very common for painters to choose subjects relating to ancient cultures such as gods or goddesses of Geek or Roman mythology. It depicts Venus (goddess of Love and the personification of female beauty) reclining languidly in a sensual Titianâs Venus with a Mirror 930 Words | 4 Pages. Nicholas Ilyin and Natalia Semonova, (2000), This page was last edited on 12 January 2021, at 23:29. Media in category "Venus with a Mirror (Titian)" The following 18 files are in this category, out of 18 total. This universal icon of Western painting was probably painted around 1484 for the villa of Castello owned by Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de 'Medici. A work that may have influenced Titian is Venus de' Medici in the Uffizi gallery in Florence, Another work that may have influenced Titian is Capitoline Venus at the Capitoline Museums in Rome. A drawing of the other version was included by Anthony van Dyck in the sketchbook made during his trip to Italy. The planet, the myth and the symbol for Venus is filled with symbolism. The theme of the painting was adapted by a number of later artists, including Peter Paul Rubens and Diego Velázquez. the Pudica type of the Venus iconography. During a sojourn in Rome he wrote that he was "learning from the marvelous ancient stones" that were being unearthed daily in ⦠Completed between 1647 and 1651. � �=is�F���+:HMDN �u�����#�8����q�TM�I�
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��_���O�]�IʿSO'?��EV|�4�N�xL���c����=iI��L9u#z�AV|/��c~:�Iʒ��q2���zǞ7�����Sk8��~e���a��&� ��{ �1�Z�. The painting is said to celebrate the ideal beauty of the female form, or to be a critique of vanity, or perhaps both. The pearly tones of her smooth skin contrast with the rich colours and lively brushstrokes of the curtain and sheets. This canvas, though, is by Titianâs hand alone and must have been the first of all the copies to be painted. Venus Venus can see the reflection of her own face in the centre of the mirror. The Rokeby Venus by Diego Velázquez. The putto has a dark blue sash, and over the mirror he holds a pink ribbon. Titian - Venus with a Mirror - Google Art Project.jpg 13,246 × 15,890; 79.52 MB The painting itself was the inspiration for the protagonist Severin's imagination in the 1870 novel Venus in Furs by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch. Velazquez painted Venus at her Mirror, which was completed around 1647-1651, during a trip to Italy. Currently Venus With A Mirror is in the National Gallery of Art in the Andrew W. Mellon Collection. Like the Venus Anadyomene, the woman in Venus with a Mirror is indubitably identified as the goddess herself, in this instance through the presence of cupid. Titian's Venus of Urbino . She can be identified as the goddess thanks to the presence of the cupid, who holds the mirror. Compared to other work he has done this piece embodies the renaissance ideas of humanism secularism and individualism. This is a common way to convey an allegory. Never â neither before nor after Velasquez this kind of work wrote. Venus with a Mirror was certainly one of Titian âs most popular compositions. Venus with a Mirror (c. 1555) is a painting by Titian, now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC, and it is considered to be one of the collection's highlights. ), although digital images do not do it justice. drapery has been borrowed from Titian's Venus Genetrix type (fig. The pose of the painting may have been influenced by Ancient Greek and Roman statues of Venus Titian could have seen in Rome and Florence. This version was also lost, but a copy of it by Peter Paul Rubens exists, which is in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum in Madrid. He imported the Italian style into France. 4) .12 In attempting to interpret what the X-ray reveals, we shall dis- Velazquez would have seen a copy of Titian's Venus with a Mirror which was commissioned by King Philip II of Spain. Growing up his lifestyle was influenced a lot by the royal family which shows in his paintings. Simon Vouet, The Toilet of Venus, about 1628. The Venus effect is common in art and film. Venus's head orientation is irrelevant as long as she can turn her eyes to look at the mirror. This other version is now lost, but a studio copy exists in the Hermitage Museum.[3]. It is the only surviving female nude portrait painted by the artist. Tracy Stevens 26 February 2001 The Rokeby Venus I choose to look at the painting The Toilet of Venus or more commonly referred to as The Rokeby Venus by Diego Velalazquez. Rubens adapted the theme to his own style. Viewers don't typically notice the Venus effect unless it is pointed out. The painting is 124.5 x 105.5 centimeters (49 x 41 x 9/16 inches). Figure 1 shows what happens Accademia, Venice); but Belliniâs nude and Venus-like Woman with a Mirror of 1515 (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna), the iconography of which in some respects anticipates the Venus with a Mirror, already reveals a response to Titianâs own Woman with a Mirror of circa 1513â1514 in the Louvre (see Allegory of Love for illustration). His family also influences his work as well. Yet Titian is the first artist to show her with a mirror held by Cupid. His Venus in Furs by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch growing up his lifestyle was influenced a lot by Titianâs! 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