Catherine then began reorganizing government in the provinces, strengthening the role of the nobility and making operations more efficient. She is a former faculty member of the Humanist Institute. Catherine II of Russia reigned Russia from 1762 until her death in 1796. Catherine II, known as Catherine the Great, was a Prussian princess who became the queen consort of Russia through her marriage to Peter III. While Russia was still technically at war with the Turks, Cossack Yemelyan Pugachev led a revolt at home. The year before his death, Peter and Catherine had an estrangement over her support of Willem Mons, brother of Peter's former mistress Anna, and brother to one of the current ladies in waiting to Catherine, Matryona Balk. The life of Catherine I was said by Voltaire to be nearly as extraordinary as that of Peter the Great himself. Upon their wedding, Catherine took the style of her husband and became Tsarina. Her father was Prussian Prince Christian August von Anhalt-Zerbst and her mother was Princess Johanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp. Caterina finds out that her husband Peter Tzar of Russia, is plotting to kill her. Catherine the Great real name was Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg. For one, her... 2. Catherine and Peter had twelve children, all of whom died in childhood except Anna and Elizabeth: Upon Peter's death, Catherine found her four siblings, Krystyna, Anna, Karol, and Fryderyk, gave them the newly created titles of Count and Countess, and brought them to Russia. She had her ministers carry out domestic and foreign policies designed to establish stability and peace; instituted reforms inspired by the Enlightenment, a philosophical, intellectual, and cultural movement of the 17th and 18th centuries; and updated Russia's legal system to provide equality of people under the law. In general, Catherine's policies were reasonable and cautious. She was also widely known for being lusty, having taken young lovers up to her death at age 67. Polish nationalists again rebelled against Russian influence, and in 1793 Russia and Prussia annexed more Polish territory. "Biography of Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia." 5 April),[1] she was originally named Marta Helena Skowrońska which is Polish spelling. She also promoted westernization and modernization for her country, though it was within the context of maintaining her autocratic control over Russia and increasing the power of the landed gentry over the serfs. Peter found out and had Willem Mons executed and his sister Matrena exiled. This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article "Catherine_Pavlovna_of_Russia" ; it is used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The story of her humble origins was considered by later generations of tsars to be a state secret. Catherine I (Russian: Екатери́на I Алексе́евна Миха́йлова, tr. Afterwards she became part of the household of Prince Alexander Menshikov, who was the best friend of Peter the Great of Russia. Peter had fought his entire life to clear up corruption in Russia. Catherine I… Poiché la nazione era in pace, Catherine era determinata a ridurre le spese militari. Catherine the Great (or Catherine II) converted to Orthodoxy, changed her name, and married the Grand Duke Peter in 1745. It is clear that Menshikov and Marta formed a lifetime alliance. While the city was being built he lived in a three-room log cabin with Catherine, where she did the cooking and caring for the children, and he tended a garden as though they were an ordinary couple. Catherine’s mother Johanna was notorious around Europe as gossip-monger and glory... 3. [8] For most of her reign, Catherine I was controlled by her advisers. Mehmet allowed the retreat, whether motivated by the bribe or considerations of trade and diplomacy. Her second child, daughter Anna, was likely fathered by Stanislaw Poniatowski. In foreign affairs, Russia reluctantly joined the Austro-Spanish league to defend the interests of Catherine's son-in-law, the Duke of Holstein, against Great Britain. The residence originated in 1717, when Catherine I of Russia engaged the German architect Johann-Friedrich Braunstein to construct a summer palace for … With her ministers she reorganized the administration and law of the Russian Empire and extended Russian territory, adding Crimea and much of … His son Alexei died in prison, convicted of plotting to overthrow his father. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/catherine-the-great-p2-3528624. 17, 1796) was empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796, the longest reign of any female Russian leader. View the profiles of people named Catherine Of Russia. She was the daughter of Christian August (father) and Joanna Elisabeth (mother). 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